Sharkskin Paint|神秘的鲨鱼皮

Sharkskin Paint

by Marcus Maurice

To help save the environment, researchers have gone underwater to find inspiration.

　　The scales on sharks are tiny, rough, tooth-like structures. This makes their skin feel like armor and helps the sharks _(1)_ quickly and gracefully through the water. For many years now, humans _(2)_ shark skin in different products. _(3)_ sharkskin fabric is very light and does not wrinkle easily, which makes it ideal for suits, curtains, and tablecloths. Other things that have been made with sharkskin fabric are diving suits and winter coats.

　　The biggest technological advancement that is related _(4)_ shark skin in recent years is paint. This new kind of paint, which has been inspired by the efficiency of shark skin, can be applied to airplanes, ships, and wind turbines. By doing so, wind drag is reduced. This means that fuel costs for boats and planes are reduced and money is saved. On wind turbines, less air _(5)_ means that more energy is generated, making them more efficient. The best things about sharkskin paint are that very little extra weight is added to the ships, planes, and wind turbines and it can resist ultraviolet radiation and extreme temperatures.

　　There are particles in the paint that recreate the shark-skin like quality, but it needs to be applied properly with stencils. The researchers in Germany who came up with the paint tested it on ships. They found that the paint reduces drag by five percent. On large container ships, this could save 2,000 tons of fuel. If this paint were applied to every plane in the world, 4.48 million tons of fuel _(6)_ every year. That would reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and when it comes to _(7)_ the environment, every little bit helps.

1. (A) move (B) moved (C) moving (D) moves

2. (A) copy (B) copied (C) are copying (D) have been copying

3. (A) Confident (B) Artificial (C) Doubtful (D) Pessimistic

4. (A) with (B) on (C) to (D) as

5. (A) management (B) resistance (C) separation (D) admission

6. (A) will save (B) would save (C) will be saved (D) would be saved

7. (A) protecting (B) violating (C) harvesting (D) observing

 

神秘的鲨鱼皮

为了帮助拯救环境，研究员已深入水底去寻找灵感。

　　鲨鱼的鱼鳞是很小、很粗糙而且像牙齿一样的构造。这让牠们的皮肤摸起来象是盔甲，而且帮助鲨鱼在水里快速且优雅地移动。多年来，人类在许多不同产品上都仿照了鲨鱼皮肤。人造的鲨鱼皮布料非常轻，而且不容易皱，这使得这种材质很适合用来作西装、窗帘和桌布。其他以鲨鱼皮布料制成的还有潜水衣和冬天的外套。

　　近年来和鲨鱼皮肤有关的最大科技发展就是涂料。这种新式涂料是以鲨鱼皮肤的功能为灵感，它可以运用于飞机、船只以及风力发电机。涂上这种涂料后，便能减低风阻。这意味着船只和飞机的燃料费用会减少，同时也省了不少钱。在风力发电机方面，较少的空气阻力意味着能够产生更多的能源，也让机器更有效率。鲨鱼皮涂料最棒的就是它几乎完全不会为船只、飞机和风力发电机增加额外的重量，同时它还可以抗紫外线和极端的温度。

　　这种涂料里有可以重现和鲨鱼皮肤类似特性的粒子，但是它必须适当地搭配模版来涂抹。这群想出这种涂料的德国研究员将它涂在船只上做测试。他们发现这种涂料可以减少百分之五的阻力。以大型的货柜船来说，这种涂料可以省下两千公吨的燃料。如果这种涂料运用在全世界每一艘船只，那么每年将可以省下四百四十八万公吨的燃料。这将会减少二氧化碳的排放量，而且就保护环境而言，这一点一滴都有所帮助。

答案： 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B

6. D 7. A