Learning through Mistakes|从错误中学习

提 示：

　　人非圣贤，孰能无过。重要的是，我们是否能从中记取教训，避免再犯。请以 "Learning through Mistakes" 为题，写一篇文长至少 120 个单词（words）的文章，以亲身经验为例，说明自己曾犯过什么错误，并从中学到什么教训。

写作前后（Pre-writing & Post-writing）

　　第一段可简短说明没有人是完美的，我们都有可能犯错，但重要的是要从错误中学到教训。

　　第二段则描述自己的亲身经验，因为做了什么事情而犯错，犯错的原因为何，以及这个经验让自己有了什么样的反省等。

写作小栈（Brainstorming）

＊写主题句（The Topic Sentence）的技巧

1. 单刀直入，开门见山。2.简短有力。3. 立场不要摇摆不定。

＊发展句（Paragraph Development）的两种写法

1.  根据时间、空间顺序描述事物或对象。

2.  提出支持主题句的论点，而支持主题句的论点依题目要求可能是理由（reasons）、优缺点（advantages/disadvantages）或各种类别（如特征、情况、条件、喜好等等），再依各点分别解释或举例。

善用转折语来使文章论点间的连接保持流畅。常用的转折语如下：

论点一：first, firstly, first of all, to begin with, for one thing

论点二：second, secondly, next, then, in addition, more importantly

论点三：finally, lastly, last of all, last but not least, most important of all

如果超过三个论点，可依次用 third/thirdly, fourth/fourthly 等，或选择使用 next, then, in addition, also, more importantly 其中任何一个。

＊结论句（The Concluding Sentence）的三种写法

1.  重述法：用不同的话来重述主题句的概念。

2.  摘要法：将文章内容作一个摘要。

3.  衍生法：由文章内容衍生，提出呼应主旨的讯息、评论、建议等。

用在结论句中的转折语很多，但要避免使用冷僻或不自然的用语。最常用在结论句的转折语如下：

毕竟∕终究：after all

总之：in conclusion, to conclude, in summary, to sum up, all in all

因此：therefore, thus, as a result, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly

简言之：in brief, to be brief, in short, in a word

基于这些理由：for these reasons, from the above, as has been said

   1.  前　提：人无法十全十美而从不犯错。

It's impossible for people to be 100 percent perfect and never to make any mistakes.

   2.  主题句：要牢记最重要的一件事就是从我们所犯的错误中学到教训。

The most important thing to bear in mind is to learn a lesson from the mistakes we make.

   3.  发展句：我上学期参加英文演讲比赛。因为很有自信，所以我没有花太多时间准备。因此，我在比赛过程中表现得并不好，也没有获得任何奖项。我了解到不论我多有信心，都仍要努力练习。

a.  Last semester, I participated in an English speech contest.

b.  I was so confident that I didn't spend much time preparing for my speech.

c.  Therefore, I didn't do well during the contest and didn't get a prize.

d.  I realized that no matter how confident I feel, I still have to practice hard.

   4.  结论句：毕竟，没有不劳而获这种事。

衍生法：After all, no pain, no gain.

范 文：

It's impossible for people to be perfect all the time, and we do make mistakes once in a while. However, the most important thing to keep in mind is to learn a lesson from the mistakes we make.

Last semester, I represented my school in an English speech contest. I was quite confident and thought it would be easy for me to win first place. I didn't spend much time preparing my speech and even stayed up late watching TV the night before. As a result, I was exhausted on the day of the contest and forgot a big part of my speech. Of course, I didn't win a prize. I felt so depressed and realized that no matter how confident I am, I should never overlook the importance of practicing. After all, there is no gain without a little bit of pain.

　　人要始终都很完美是不可能的事，我们偶尔都是会犯错的。然而，要牢记最重要的一件事就是从我们所犯的错误中学到教训。

　　上学期，我代表学校参加英语演讲比赛。我那时很有自信，认为自己要赢得第一名并非难事。我并没有花太多时间准备演讲，甚至在前一天晚上还熬夜看电视。因此，我在比赛当天感到很疲惫，在还忘了很多演讲的内容。当然，我没得到任何奖。我觉得很沮丧，并且了解到不论我多有自信，都不该忽略练习的重要性。毕竟，没有不劳而获这种事。