Taiwan's Low Birthrate|台湾少子化

台湾少子化

提示

　　近年来由于女性越来越晚婚以及民生物资上涨的因素，导致新生儿出生率下降。请以 "Taiwan's Low Birthrate" 为题，写一篇至少 120 个单字（words）的文章，表达低生育率的严重性。文分两段，第一段点出低生育率的原因，第二段则列举低生育率所造成的影响。

审题

生育率太低是严重的社会问题，不但会降低国家竞争力，还会对社会产生许多不良影响。为了改善此一状况，人人务必对此问题有所认知。

根据提示，可知本篇作文是论说文。论说文的目的就是要说服读者接受自己的观点。基本上，这种写法是要『晓之以理』而非『动之以情』。

其要点如下：

1. 『论点』需站得住脚，否则很难说服读者。

2. 『论证』宜讲求方法，合乎逻辑。

3. 『论据』要真实可靠，不可似是而非或无中生有。

动动脑（Brainstorming）

第一段：造成低生育率的原因。

" 女性越来越晚婚。

" 女性年纪越大越不容易生育。

" 生活费变得比以往来得高。

第二段：列举低生育率对社会造成的影响。

" 学校招不到学生，而被迫关闭。

" 劳动人口资源不足。

利用  2W (Why, What)

第一段  " Why is Taiwan's birthrate so low?

" What are some other reasons for the low birthrate?

第二段  " What are the effects of Taiwan's low birthrate?

" Why should we care about the effects?

结论句  The government should encourage people to have more children so that Taiwan

will continue to grow as a society.

大纲

主题句：    Changes in society are responsible for Taiwan's low birthrate.

a.  One major change is that women nowadays are not willing to marry at a young age.

b.  It is more difficult for women to give birth to babies when they become older.

c.  The cost of living has gone up over the past few years.

d.  People's salaries can't keep up with inflation.

发展句：    Taiwan's low birthrate will have a big effect on our society.

a.  Schools may find it hard to recruit new students.

b.  Schools will be forced to shut down and many teachers will have to be dismissed.

c.  The labor market may see difficult times because of a reduction in the workforce.

结论句：    Because of these negative effects, the government should encourage couples to have kids.

范文

Changes in society are responsible for Taiwan's low birthrate. One big change is that women are deciding to get married later on in life. This means that they are also having fewer babies because it is more difficult for women to have children as they get older. Another change is that the cost of living has become higher than in the past. This makes people less willing to have children.

Taiwan's low birthrate is having a big effect on our society. For one thing, there will be fewer students for schools and universities in the future. Some schools will probably be closed, and teachers will be let go. More importantly, there may not be enough workers for the future. Thus, the government should encourage people to have more children so that Taiwan will continue to grow as a society.

台湾出生率低起因于某些社会变迁。其中一大改变就是女性决定把婚姻大事在人生阶段中往后延迟。这意味着女性生的小孩越来越少，因为女性年纪越大，就越难生小孩。另一项转变是生活费用变得比以往高。这使得人们比较不愿意生小孩。

台湾出生率低对社会也有很大的影响。其一，未来去学校或大学就读的学生会比往年少。一些学校很可能会因此倒闭，而老师会被解雇。更重要的是，未来劳工人数可能不足。因此，政府应该鼓励大家多生小孩，如此一来台湾社会才能继续成长。

2012年中情局世界概况估计台湾总生育率为1.16，是全世界生育率较低的国家，略高于香港(1.09),澳门(0.92)与新加坡(0.78)等国家/区域。一般来讲如果总和生育率小于2.1（对已发展国家来说），新生人口是不足以弥补生育妇女和其伴侣数量的。以此趋势，台湾人口将在21世纪中叶剧烈减少。生育率低落及年轻人口不足将会造成严重的社会问题，而外劳、移民或科技并无法解决问题。

目前政府已经拟定许多奖励生育的构想及一些政策，期望能避免人口减少太快。（数据源：维基百科）