Air Pollution|空气污染

提示

　　空气污染在世界各地都有愈来愈严重的趋势，因此如何改善及防止空气污染便成为一个刻不容缓的课题，请以 "Air Pollution" 为题，写一篇文长至少 120 个单词（words）的文章，表达空气污染的严重性。文分两段，第一段点出空气污染对日常生活的影响，第二段则列举如何改善及防止空气污染的方法。

审题

空气污染对人体健康和大自然都会带来不良的后果，所以如何防止空气污染的重要性是不言而喻的，为了有效改善空气污染的状况，每个人都应该对环境尽一份心力。

根据提示，可知本篇作文是论说文。论说文的目的就是要说服读者接受自己的观点或看法。基本上，这种写法是要『晓之以理』而非『动之以情』。其要点如下：

1. 『论点』需站得住脚，否则很难说服读者。

2. 『论证』宜讲求方法，合乎逻辑。

3. 『论据』要真实可靠，不可似是而非或无中生有。

动动脑（Brainstorming）

第一段：空气污染对日常生活的影响。

‧对空气污染日益严重的观察。

‧说明空气污染对我们的影响。

‧对这些影响的看法。

第二段：列举如何改善及防止空气污染的方法。

‧改善及防止空气污染是每个人的责任。

‧列举说明改善及防止空气污染的方法。

‧这些做法的成果。

利用 2 W (what, why) + 1 H (how)

第一段  What is the problem?

" Air pollution is a growing problem in modern society.

" Air pollution poses a serious threat to the world's health.

" Air pollution takes a heavy toll on people's lives.

Why is air pollution getting worse and worse?

" burning fossil fuels and biomass

" emissions from vehicle exhaust and factories

How does air pollution affect us?

" Young children and elderly people often suffer more from the effects of air pollution.

" If air pollution is severe, people can develop irritated eyes or have trouble breathing.

" Nature can be affected as well. Plants become withered, and rivers, lakes, and soil get filled

with contaminants.

第二段  What can we do to prevent air pollution?

" Instead of driving, walk, bike, take public transit, or carpool.

" Turn off lights when you leave rooms. Power plants put pollution in the air.

" Add plants and trees to the surrounding environment.

结论句  In so doing, we will be able to live in better surroundings.

" All of these suggestions can and will help reduce air pollution.

" All in all, there are many things we can do to help reduce air pollution.

" In conclusion, we should all do our part as a society to prevent air pollution.

大纲

主题句：    With more and more fumes being emitted from vehicles and factories, air pollution is going from bad to worse.

a.  As people take in toxic air on a daily basis, they may start coughing and have trouble breathing.

b.  Worse still, some people may develop lung disease, possibly causing them to die young.

c.  Nature feels the impact as well, as plants become withered and rivers, lakes, and soil become contaminated by pollutants.

发展句：    Everyone around the world is responsible for stopping air pollution from getting worse.

a.  Factory owners should invest in equipment to process toxins.

b.  As for drivers, their vehicles need to be kept in good condition to reduce exhaust fumes.

c.  Everyone should take public transportation more often. The fewer vehicles there are, the less air pollution there will be.

结论句：    In so doing, we will create a better environment in which to live.

范文

With more and more exhaust emissions from vehicles and factories, air pollution is getting worse and worse. As people unconsciously breathe in toxic air day after day, they may start coughing and have difficulty breathing. What's worse, some people may develop lung disease, possibly causing them to suffer an early death. Nature can get sick, too, as plants become withered and rivers, lakes and soil become filled with contaminants. Overall, pollution brings about many bad consequences.

Everyone around the globe is responsible for stopping air pollution from getting worse. For factories, owners should invest in equipment to lessen or even neutralize toxins. As for drivers or motorcyclists, their vehicles should be kept in tip-top condition to reduce exhaust fumes. Also, we can take public transportation more frequently. The fewer vehicles there are, the less air pollution there will be. Most important of all, we can plant more trees, which helps reduce carbon emissions and purify the air. In so doing, we will create a better environment in which to live.

随着车辆和工厂的废气排放量越来越多，空气污染的问题每况愈下。随着不知不觉中日复一日地吸入有毒空气，人们可能会开始咳嗽且呼吸困难。更糟的是，有些人也许会罹患肺部疾病，可能导致早逝。大自然也可能会生病，因为植物会枯萎，河流、湖泊和土壤会变得充满污染物。总体而言，污染会带来许多不良的后果。

世界各地的大众都有责任要阻止空气污染情况继续恶化。对工厂而言，业主应该要投资能减少或甚至是中和毒素的设备。至于开车或骑车的民众，他们应该将车辆保持在最佳状态，以减少废弃。此外，我们可以更常搭乘大众交通工具。路上车辆越少，空气污染的情况就越少。最重要的是，我们可以种植更多树木，如此有助于减少二氧化碳排放量，以净化空气。这么做，我们将会创造出一个更适合居住的环境。