Lost in Daydreams?|白日梦迷思

Israeli Law Sees Super-Thin Models as Bad Examples

Told she was too fat to be a model, Danielle Segal shed a quarter of her weight and was hospitalized twice for malnutrition. Now that a new Israeli law prohibits the employment of underweight models, the 19-year-old female must gain some of it back if she wants to work as a model again.

At 1.7 meters, Segal weighed 53 kilograms to start. Feeling pressure to become even thinner, she dropped another 13 kilograms. The unnaturally skeletal girl weighed 40 kilograms by then, and her health suffered. The new law poses a groundbreaking challenge to the fashion industry, which has been widely reprimanded for promoting anorexia and bulimia. Its sponsors say it could become an example for other countries struggling with the spread of the life-threatening disorders.

神经性厌食症是 1 种进食障碍类的精神疾病。患者对自己的身体形象产生不正常认识，担心发胖；临床表现为用禁食、催吐、服用泻药、体育锻炼等方法过度追求减轻体重，甚至在明显消瘦的情况下还认为自己太胖。其主要分为 2 类：限制型患者主要靠禁食和锻炼，暴食催吐型患者为间歇出现暴食，然后又用各种方法降低体重。

神经性厌食症平均发病年龄为 17 岁。发病之原因常伴随着压力事件，例如突然接下重任、离家念大学、准备考试等。心因性厌食症的病程与结果相当不一致，有的在单次发作之后完全康复，有的在体重恢复正常之后又再度发病。长期之死亡率大于 1 成以上，死因多半为饥饿、自杀、或者电解质不平衡等。（数据源：维基百科）

Lost in Daydreams?

A study shows that those who appear to be constantly distracted in fact have more working memory, giving them the ability to do two things at the same time. Participants in this study had to either press a button in response to the appearance of a certain letter on a screen or tap in time with their breath. The researchers checked periodically to see if their minds were wandering. In the end, they measured the participants' working memory capacity, giving them a score for their ability to remember a series of letters interspersed with easy math questions. The results of this research are the first to show the association between mind wandering and intelligence.

白日梦迷思

1 项研究显示，那些看起来时常思绪不集中的人事实上拥有较多的工作记忆，这让他们有能力同时做 2 件事。这项研究的参与者必须选择对应屏幕上的特定字母按下按钮或是随着他们的呼吸轻拍。研究者会定时检查看他们是否有分神。最后，他们会测量参与者的工作记忆容量，并且针对他们记住一连串穿插在简单数学问题中的字母能力打分数。这项研究的结果首次显示出心不在焉和智能之间的关联。

白日梦是指清醒时脑内所产生的幻想及影像，通常是开心的念头、希望或野心。白日梦的确实种类，心理学家目前仍未有定案。白日梦有时是未来的情景或计划，或者是过去的回忆，就像梦的画面一样，有时更会影响情绪。

做白日梦的人常被视为懒惰，但白日梦也常是灵感的来源。无论是从事艺术创作还是科学研究的人，均可在白日梦中得到灵感。

（数据源：维基百科）