Think before Speaking|三思而后言

提示：

　　现今电视节目上充斥着各种名嘴，他们常语出惊人，却也常说错话被当事人要求道歉或是提告。我们也常听人说：『东西可以乱吃，但话不要随便说。』请以 "Think before Speaking" 为题，写一篇文长至少 150 个单词（words）的文章，说明说话前要想清楚后果的重要性。文分两段，第一段叙述自己曾经说话不经大脑的经过及其后果，第二段则说明这件事让你学到的教训为何。

审　题

说话是一项艺术。我们有时一句无心的话，可能会让听者耿耿于怀，而说错话轻则得罪别人，重则招来诉讼，实在是得不偿失。虽然说错话在所难免，但最重要的是我们如何从中学得教训，让自己成为更好的人。

根据提示，可知本篇作文是记叙文，简而言之，就是在说故事。说故事的要领在于生动、有趣。除此之外，还须安排布局，要点如下：

1. 架构：不只记叙文，任何文体都要有一条线索贯穿全文。那就是开头（主题句），中间（发展）和结尾（结论）。

2. 角度：记叙文常用第一人称或第三人称的观点来叙述。前者以『我』为出发点，读起来比较亲切，后者以『他』为立场，叙述比较客观。

3. 顺序：记叙文最常用的是『按时间顺序』的方式来书写。这种方式最调理分明，容易把事情交待清楚。偶有用『倒叙法』来写，但初学者不宜尝试。

动动脑（Brainstorming）

第一段：这起事件何时发生（when），为何发生（why），如何发生（how），以及结果如何（what）：

‧初中时我的好朋友珍妮告诉我，她正在跟我们班上的 1 位男生交往，并要我保密。结果我在跟其他同学聊天时不小心说溜嘴，令珍妮很尴尬也很火大，所以跟我绝交。

‧上学期黛比坐在我隔壁，我无意间看到她的肥肚腩，于是就夸她长得好大一只，让她当场大哭，从此再也不跟我说话。

‧我和 1 名男网友约好在深夜碰面，妈妈却不准我去。她试着向我解释原因，我不但不听还顶嘴，结果我被禁足 1 个礼拜。

第二段：你得到什么教训（what）和现在的作法如何（what），以及有什么结果：

‧我学到要考虑后果并三思而后言。现在我则是少说多听，不会冒着失去朋友的危险，说话不经大脑就脱口而出。

‧我学到不应该不顾他人的感受而取笑他们。现在我说话前会谨慎思考，而我的朋友也越来越多了。

‧后来我了解到妈妈是为我好。现在我不会顶撞父母，而以更能相互沟通的方式跟他们说话。结果他们觉得我比以前成熟，也给我更多的自由。

利用 2 W (when , what, why) + 1 H (how)

第一段  When did the incident happen?

" Jenny and I used to be friends in junior high school.

" Debbie was the girl sitting next to me last semester.

" A guy I met on the Internet and I made arrangements to see each other late at night.

Why did it happen?

" She told me she was dating a boy in our class and asked me to keep it a secret.

" I saw her muffin top by accident.

" My mother wouldn't let me go out to meet him.

How did it happen?

" I let the cat out of the bag when I was chatting with other classmates.

" I teased her by calling her a fat cow.

" She tried to explain why it was wrong for me to go, but I just didn't listen and talked back to her.

What happened in the end?

" Jenny felt embarrassed and furious, so she ended our friendship.

" Debbie cried on the spot and never spoke to me again.

" I was grounded for a whole week.

第二段  What did you learn?

" I learned to consider the consequences and think twice before saying anything.

" I learned that I shouldn't tease anyone without taking their feelings into account.

" I came to the realization that my mother did that for my own good.

What do you do now?

" I now listen more and talk less.

" Now I think carefully before I say anything.

" I don't say anything disrespectful to my parents, and I speak to them in a more communicative way.

结论句  " I won't risk losing my friends by saying something without thinking.

" I find that I am getting more and more friends.

" My parents think I am much more mature than before and have given me more freedom.

大　纲

引导句：    Most of the time, what's done cannot be undone.

a.  Jenny and I used to be friends back in junior high school.

b.  However, our friendship was over after I broke my promise not to tell others that she was dating a guy in our class.

发展句：    A proverb states, "Look before you leap."

a.  The lesson I've learned is to think twice before saying anything and consider the consequences as well.

b.  I now listen more and talk less because I realize how powerful words actually are.

c.  I really value the friendship I have with my close friends.

结论句：    I won't say anything without thinking about the risk of losing my friends.

范文：

More often than not, what's done cannot be undone. I had such an experience when I was in junior high. Jenny and I used to be good friends. One day, she told me she was dating a boy in our class and asked me to keep it secret. However, while chatting with other classmates, I let the cat out of the bag. Embarrassed and irritated, Jenny gave me the silent treatment. Before long, our friendship was over.

A proverb states, "Look before you leap." Since this incident, I have learned to think twice before saying anything as well as to consider the consequences beforehand. In fact, I now listen more and talk less because I realize how powerful words are. I am currently in senior high and have several close friends. I value their friendship a lot, and certainly do not want to risk losing them by saying something without thinking first.

通常说过的话很难再收回来。我初中的时候就有这样的经验。我跟珍妮以前是好朋友。有一天，她告诉我她正在跟班上 1 个男生交往，还要我保守秘密。但是，我跟其他同学聊天时不小心说溜嘴。珍妮觉得很尴尬也很生气，跟我打起冷战。没多久我们的友谊就划下句点。

俗话说：『三思而后行。』经过这次事件，我学到了说任何话之前必须三思，而且要先考虑后果。事实上，我现在奉行少说多听，因为我知道言语的力量有多大。我现正就读高中，有许多要好的朋友。我很珍惜他们的友谊，所以绝对不想冒着失去他们的危险，说话不经大脑就脱口而出。