A World Underneath|东京防洪的『地下神殿』

by Rebecca A. Fratzke

Tokyo's massive underground flood drains are as impressive as the city itself.

City planning is a lot more than making sure the traffic flows and buildings look good side by side. Every meter, from the air above to the ground below, has to be taken into _(1)_ if builders want to create a safe, modern city. It may be surprising to know that under every large city, there are _(2)_ systems of tunnels, channels, pipes, wires, and much more. In fact, many daily activities _(3)_ these hidden webs. Underground systems are also what can keep cities from being wiped out during _(4)_. Saitama, a suburb of Tokyo, has one of the most impressive examples of this.

The G-Cans Project is a massive underground flood management system that was created to _(5)_ flooding during the rainy and typhoon seasons in the Tokyo area. Perhaps the largest in the world, it is _(6)_ hundreds of kilometers of tunnels that go as deep as 50 kilometers underground. Additionally, there are five huge silos and one enormous water tank called the Temple. It got this name because its massive space and 59 monstrous support pillars make it _(7)_ a religious building. Impressively, the Temple can pump _(8)_ 200 tons of water per second into the Edogawa River.

Construction of the G-Cans started in 1992 and was only finished in recent years. Visitors can take tours of the system, _(9)_ the Temple. However, since the tours are only conducted in Japanese, you must be able to speak the language or have an interpreter with you _(10)_ an emergency. The G-Cans Project proves that the underground worlds of cities are as magnificent and remarkable as the ones above.

说明：请依文意在所提供的 (A) 到 (L) 12 个选项中，选出最适当的 10 个选项。

(A) prevent (B) resemble    (C) inclusive   (D) consideration

(E) up to   (F) consisted of    (G) disasters   (H) in case of

(I) made up of  (J) extensive   (K) including   (L) depend on

东京防洪的『地下神殿』

东京的巨型地下防洪系统就跟这座城市一样，令人大开眼界。

　　都市计划不仅仅是确保车辆畅通无阻，以及并排而立的建筑物看起来美观。如果建筑者想要创造 1 个安全的现代化都市，从空中到地底下，每种度量都得列入考虑。你会惊讶发现，每座大城市底下都有大规模的隧道、水道、管线等等系统。事实上，许多日常活动都有赖这些隐藏的网络。地下系统在灾害发生期间也能避免都市被彻底摧毁。东京近郊的埼玉县就有这么 1 个令人印象最深刻的范例。

　　『首都圈外郭放水路工程』是为了防止东京地区在雨季和台风季淹水而建造的大型地下疏洪系统。它很可能是世界上最大的疏洪系统，有数百公里的隧道在地下 50 公里处绵延。此外，它还有 5 座地下蓄水槽和 1 座被称为『地下神殿』的巨型水池。由于庞大的空间，以及 59支用来支撑的巨大柱子，使它看起来很像宗教建筑，因而有此称号。令人印象深刻的是，地下神殿每秒钟可抽出多达 200 吨的水注入江户川。

　　『首都圈外郭放水路工程』于 1992 年开始建造，直到近几年才竣工。游客可以参观包括地下神殿在内的这套系统。然而，由于导览只有用日语进行，所以你必须会说日语或是有口译员在旁，以防发生紧急情况。『首都圈外郭放水路工程』证明，城市底下的世界就和城市本身一样，宏伟而不凡。

答案：  1. (D)  2. (J)  3. (L)  4. (G)  5. (A)  

6. (I)  7. (B)  8. (E)  9. (K)  10. (H)

『首都圈外郭放水路』位在东京北边的卫星城市埼玉县，隐身在地下 22 层楼的深处。它蜿蜒如龙，当地人称它是守护埼玉县东部免于水患之苦的地龙。

走入地下 65公尺深的『地下神殿』，往下俯瞰如临深渊，59支 6、7人才能环抱的巨柱形成壮观的长廊，像极了古罗马时代的神殿，提供了蓄水槽耐震的周全准备。在暑气逼人的 6 月天，地面气温飙破摄氏 30 度，在这里却能保持 15 至 20 度的沁凉。

放水路装得下 67 万吨水，有效改善水患问题。放水路管理支所主任北野实纪说，中川、仓松川、辛松川、大落古利根川等 4 条河川经常泛滥成灾，放水路透过取水口，把 4条河川超过警戒值的洪水收到地底下暂存，洪峰过后，再用抽水机排到江户川，进入东京湾。放水路工程 9 年来经历 62 次大雨考验，当地淹水频率已大幅减少三分之二。（数据源：联合新闻网）