Popping off the Page|寓教于乐的 3D立体书

by Matthew Brown

An old tradition that continues to thrill, pop-up books captivate the young and old alike.

Watching children look through pop-up books for the first time is a great experience. As they turn the pages, the characters jump _(1)_ out of the books to greet them, and they are utterly fascinated. These _(2)_ creations aren't just for kids. Many adults also find themselves fascinated as they turn the pages within.

Pop-up books are designed _(3)_ parts of the two-page spread will spring out when you turn each page. The _(4)_ is three-dimensional. The best pop-up books go beyond merely having pictures come out of the pages. Readers can move parts of the pop-out illustrations, lift flaps to _(5)_ secret images, and even move gears that work like machines.

Pop-up books didn't start with children's literature. The first known pop-up book was on astrology, which would _(6)_ make a fantastic subject for 3D illustrations. The _(7)_ book was made by a writer and philosopher in 1306. It wasn't _(8)_ the 1800s that pop-up books really started to take off, which is also when they started being made into children's books. Pop-up books experienced a _(9)_ in the 1960s, when artists rediscovered the magic of older versions and used them for new subjects. Artists like Matthew Reinhart and Robert Sabuda have produced incredible pop-up books on Star Wars, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and Alice in Wonderland. The great thing about pop-up books is that anyone can learn how to make them and _(10)_ their own innovations. The only limits to pop-up books are the artist's imagination.

(A) until   (B) effect  (C) so that (D) revival (E) incorporate

(F) right   (G) initial (H) no doubt    (I) uncover (J) imaginative

寓教于乐的 3D立体书

立体书的历史虽久，却仍持续发烧，令老老少少为之着迷。

　　看小朋友第 1 次翻阅立体书是种奇妙的经验。书中的主角们在小朋友翻页之际从书中跃然而出，而小朋友完全被映入眼帘的景象所迷住。这些饶富想象力的创作所诉求的对象不全然是儿童，许多成人在翻阅立体书时也为之着迷。

　　立体书经过设计，好让读者翻阅每 1 页的时候，跨页上的部分图案就会跳出来。而这所呈现出来的效果是立体的。设计精美的立体书不只有会从书页跳出来的图案，读者甚至可以移动一些立体的插图、翻开折页显现暗藏的图像，甚至拉动像机器一样运转的传动装置。

　　立体书的起源并非来自儿童文学。目前所知的第 1 本立体书和占星术有关，而占星术无疑是制作立体插图的最佳题材。这第 1 本立体书是由 1 位作家兼哲学家于 1306 年所制作的。但立体书一直到 19 世纪才开始大受欢迎，也是在这个时期开始被制作成儿童书籍。立体书于 1960 年代再度流行，这个时期的艺术家重新发现旧版立体书的魅力，并套用新的题材来制作。

像 Matthew Reinhart 和 Robert Sabuda 等艺术家已经制作出令人赞叹的《星际大战》、《绿野仙踪》和《艾丽斯梦游仙境》等立体书。立体书最棒的部分是任何人都可以学习如何制作，并加入自己的创意。它唯一的限制仅在于艺术家是否有丰富的想象力。

答案：  1. (F)  2. (J)  3. (C)  4. (B)  5. (I)  

6. (H)  7. (G)  8. (A)  9. (D)  10. (E)

1930年代美国纽约出版社 Blue Ribbon为迪斯尼的卡通主角制作一系列立体绘本时，首创 pop-up 这个如今世界通用的立体书专有名词。在这之前，立体书被称为可动书（movable book）或机关书（mechanical book），甚至玩具书（toy book）；或者以书中使用的机关来称呼，如拉拉书（pull-the-tab）或翻翻书（lift-the-flap）等。

1250年英国本笃会修士 Matthew Paris为了解决繁琐的数据查询，将宗教节庆日期数据结合可转动的纸盘，首度将机关摆进书里，因此被奉为立体书的祖师爷。但是另一派学者则认为西班牙东部马略卡岛的 Ramon Llull 才是首创转盘机关者。无论谁是祖师爷，在 13 世纪出现的转盘机关无疑开启了立体书的历史。